Process of making refrigerators



Ma. y 14, 1929.

s. s. BRINKMAN 1,712,978

PROCESS OF MAKING REFRIGERATORS Original Filed Feb. 23, 1927 2Sheets-Sheet l lid Patented May 14, 1929.

rais ns UNITED STATES OFFICE.

SEBASTIAN G. BRINKMAN, tlli' lifii'i:

th'iginal application filed February a,

July 26, 1527.

This invention relates to improvements in refrigerators, and moreparticularly to a double or spaced wall porcelain refrigerator, and is adivision of my application lilo-d Feb. .23, 1927, and bearing SerialNumber 170,368, which has become Patent 1,6673%.

An object of the invention is to provide a retrigerator formed of aplurality ot cw operating compartments, each compartment being builtwith spaced porcelain walls, be tween which is a vacuum, or if desired,dead air may be trapped therebetween.

A lurther object of the invention to pro vide suitable means and a novelprocess whereby the spaced walled. porcelain boxes or 1ompartmonts maybe moldciv and baked.

A still tlin'ther object of the invention is to provide a processwhereby the spaced walled porcelain compartments may be reintm'ced andfurther provided with means whereby the usual refrigerator lit-tings maybe sup ported.

Other objects will appear as the description proceeds.

lln the accompanying drawings which torm a part oi my application,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a refrigerator made in accordance withmy invention; i Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 22 oiFigure 3;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Figure 2;

Figure at is a front elevation of the outer plaster mold;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on a central line throughFigure 6, and

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 66 of Figure 5.

Like characters of reference are used tl'lroughout the followingspecification and the accompanying drawings to designate correspondingparts. i

In brief, I provide a porcelain reiriger ator composed of one or moreintegrally formed spaced walled compartments, which are sealed or closedby means of doors termed in the same manner and from the same material.

The refrigerator compartments E are formed in the following manner Aworking table 1 is provided for supporting the mold. and has an opening2 cut through it near its central. portion of a size corrcspomling tothe largest outside diameter of the inner lilldiff J'EKSLEY,

182$, rte-rial Ito. 170,363. Divided and this application filed burial lr'i'o. $398,566.

mold. The core 3 is formed with. tour sides and a top, and is open atits bottom. The lower portion of the inner core 3 is outwardly flared asat 1-, to provide for the bevel usualliv found in the front ofrefrigcratm' compare ments, and cooperates with a correspondiuglybeveled surface of a door, to form a tight joint. lit will be seen thata the core 3 is slidable within the opening 2, and is supported by thetable in anysuitable manner. The top oi the core 3 is closed except fora central opening 5, the sides of which are beveled and cooperate withthe beveled sides of a central supporting head 6, carried by theadjustable standard 7. It will be understood that all parts of the core3 and head (3 are formed of: plaster.

A recessed base plate 8 of plaster is positioned about the core 3, andseats on the annular flange about the lower edge of said core. The plate8 is supported on the table 1, and supports themold 9 in spaced relationto the core 3. The mold 9 comprises four interlocking walls of plasterand is provided with an interlocking removable top 10. When the baseplate, core and mold arein PUL-ElldOil, the sereral joints between thesame are sealed with clay to prevent leakage of the slip when poured inthe mold. A filling tube or pipe 11 of brass extends into the spacebetween the core and mold, while an overflow pipe 12 also extendsthrough the upper portion of the mold 9 to let the air out of the moldand to give warning when the mold completely filled with the clay slip.A drain pipe 13 extends upward into the space between the core 3 andmold 9, and is used to drain oil the undesired port-ion o'l the clayslip, after the walls of the compare ment being molded have been formedto the desired thickness. This operation is usually calculated. by time,since the plaster between the core an d mold absorbs the moisture in theclag slip, and causes a wall to be built up against the sides thereot.Each compartment will be formed with at least one side wall or a singlethickness, which will be arranged with a SLlYlOlll'Kllllg peripheralflange 65, so that when the compartments are in place, one above theother, or side by side, there will be a space provided therc-- betweenfor trapped air.

Plugs 14lextend through the core 3, towards the inner wall of the mold9, and provide passages 15 in the refrigerator com-- partments, for thepassage of air through the same, or through adjacent compartments. Theplugs 14: being made of plaster, will also cause the clay slip to form awall about the same. Likewise the spaced walls of the compartments willbe reinforced, by inserting plaster plugs 16 through the core 3, andpermitting the clay slip to build up around the same. Plugs 17 will beinserted through the core 3 to form openings in the inner wall orsurface of the compartments to receive supporting means for the trays'18. The compartments will be so formed that the passages'l'fi are inalinement with similarpassages in adjacent compartments, so the acirculation of air may be had between the several compartments of therefrigerator.

Assuming that the core and mold are in position, the method of makingthe compartments is.as follows: The space between the core-and mold iscompletely tilled with a clay slip,through a tunnel in the filling pipe,iuntilthe .slip starts :to run out'ot' the overflow pipe '12, at whichtime the-overflow pipe is .closed'by means of a suitable plug. Thefunnel will be kept full of the slip. The slip is permitted to set forapproximately four hours, during which time, the moisture will be drawnout into the plaster walls of the core :and mold, and spacedwa'lls willbe built :up from the slip. A drain plug in the drain pipe 13 is thenremoved andall of the slip remaining in liquid form will be .drainedfrom the mold. At the same time an air line will .be connected to the:filling pipe and alow pressure of'air will be directed into the spacehetweensthe walls :formed by .the slip. In this manner thenpper or outerwall formed by the slip will :be supported on an air cushion, and willbe keptzfrom collapsing. In place of the .air cushion, it is found-thatwater or any suitable fluid can be substituted in lieu thereof. .Afterthis operation, thecore is lowered through the central opening in thetable, while .the supporting head is held in its raised :position tosupport the inner horizontal wall .formed by the slip. After apredetermined length of time theair may be turned off, or the waterdrained from'the space between the Walls, and the supporting headlowered through the opening in the table, and the mold taken apart. Itwill thus ibe seen that a spaced walled compartment having reinforcedwalls, will be formed. The refrigerator fittings may be applied in anysuitable manner. The doors forzthe compartments will be formed in thesame manner, but with difi'erent molds. .The

Y the cold compartment walls will be approximately one half inch inthickness, while the space thercbetwcen will also be approxiniaicly onehalf inch. The box or compartment will usually be tired in a kiln whilein a biscuit state, after which a plurality ol glazing coats will beapplied to the box. which will then be burned a second time in a glosskiln, to form the completed article. However, one firing may be usedinstead of two lirings.

The space between the walls oi? the compartment may be tilled with deadair, or may be a vacuum, as desired.

It se eral compartments are to be used together to make a refrigerator,suiinblc bolts 19 may be employed to hold the said con'ipartments inplace. The compartments may be supported directly on the lloor, or on abase 21.

From Figure 2 of the drawings, it will be apparent that the compartmenton the upper right hand corner will be the icc compartment, and that thecold air will pass down through the passage into the lower 'ight handcompartment, and from there to the lower left hand compartment, and upinto the upper left hand compartmciu, and finally back into the upperright hand compartment. Hence, a complete circulation of air in theseveral compartments will be had, thereby keeping the temperature in theseveral compartments at a fairly even degree. It will be apparent thatno insulating material will be used as in the ordinary torm oirefrigerators, and the vacuum or dead air between the spaced walls willserve to retain within the compartments. Of course, the compartmentscould be used just as successfully as a medium for heating. as thedouble spaced wall construction rcndcrs the compartments thoroughly airtight and insulated.

Many minor changes in detail ol construction may be resorted to withoutde parture from the spirit oi the inventimi.

Having thus described my invcntion what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

The process of forming an integral molded spaced double walled porcelainrcfrigerator unit, consistingot setting plasicr forms in spacedrelation, pouring a clay slip therein, permitting the same to sci for aperiod of time, draining the (xi-mes slip, admitting low pressure offluid between the walls formed of the slip, and mechanically supportingthe inner top wall of the unit.

In testimony whereoi I aliix my signature SEBASTIAN o. BRIN-KMAN.

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